What medicine should you take for AIDS?
AIDS is a chronic infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There is currently no cure, but the disease can be effectively controlled through antiretroviral therapy (ART). This article will combine hot topics and hot content in the past 10 days, introduce commonly used drugs and dietary recommendations for AIDS patients, and provide structured data for reference.
1. Commonly used drugs for the treatment of AIDS
AIDS treatment mainly uses antiviral drugs to inhibit HIV replication. The following are the current mainstream drug classifications and representative drugs:
| Drug Classification | Representative medicine | Mechanism of action |
|---|---|---|
| Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) | Zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC) | Block HIV reverse transcription process |
| Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) | Efavirenz (EFV), nevirapine (NVP) | Directly inhibit reverse transcriptase activity |
| Protease inhibitors (PIs) | Lopinavir (LPV), darunavir (DRV) | Prevents HIV protein from maturing |
| Integrase inhibitors (INSTIs) | Dolutegravir (DTG), raltegravir (RAL) | Inhibit HIV integration into host DNA |
| fusion inhibitor | Enfuvirtide (T-20) | Prevent HIV from entering cells |
2. Dietary recommendations for AIDS patients
AIDS patients need to pay special attention to nutritional intake due to their low immunity. The following are the dietary principles recommended by nutrition experts in the past 10 days:
| Nutrients | Recommended food | Recommended daily intake |
|---|---|---|
| protein | Lean meat, fish, beans, eggs | 1.2-1.5g/kg body weight |
| Vitamin C | Citrus fruits, broccoli, tomatoes | 100-200mg |
| zinc | Oysters, nuts, whole grains | 15-25 mg |
| Omega-3 fatty acids | Deep-sea fish, flax seeds, walnuts | 1-2 grams |
| Probiotics | Yogurt, fermented foods | 1-2 servings/day |
3. Recent progress in AIDS treatment hot spots
1.Breakthrough in the development of long-acting injections: In the past 10 days, international journals reported that a monthly long-acting anti-HIV injection has entered Phase III clinical trials and is expected to reduce the frequency of patients taking medication.
2.New progress in gene editing technology: CRISPR gene editing technology successfully eliminated latent HIV viruses in animal experiments, bringing hope for the cure of AIDS.
3.Drug side effects management: The latest research shows that supplementing N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can significantly reduce the liver and kidney toxicity of antiviral drugs.
4. Medication precautions for AIDS patients
1. Strictly follow the doctor's instructions to take medication, and do not increase or decrease the dosage or stop medication on your own.
2. Pay attention to drug interactions, especially the combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs and antifungal drugs.
3. Monitor CD4 cell count and viral load regularly.
4. Seek medical attention promptly if adverse reactions such as rash or abnormal liver function occur.
5. Maintain a healthy lifestyle, quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and ensure adequate sleep.
Conclusion
HIV treatment requires a synergistic effect of drugs and nutrition. With medical advancement, AIDS has transformed from a "terminal disease" to a manageable chronic disease. Patients should maintain a positive attitude, cooperate with doctors' treatment, and pay attention to balanced nutrition to improve their quality of life.
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